Abscess
An abscess is a infection characterized by a collection of pus
underneath a portion of the skin. Bacteria commonly causing abscesses
are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus. These bacteria enter
the skin through any cracks or injury to the skin.
Acanthosis
Nigricans
Acanthosis nigricans is a condition characterized by abnormal
thickening and darkening of the skin, especially in body creases.
It is most commonly associated with obesity or polycystic ovarian
disease in women; though it can occasionally be found in people
who have more serious underlying health problems or who are taking
certain medications.
Acne (Acne
Vulgaris)
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is thought to be caused by
multiple factors. Overproduction of a normal oil on the skin,
called sebum, increases under the influence of hormones. This,
coupled with insufficient shedding of exfoliating dead skin cells,
plugs hair follicles.
Acne Excoriée
Acne excoriée, also known as "picker's acne,"
results when acne lesions are compulsively squeezed and scratched,
resulting in scabs and scars. It is seen most commonly in adolescent
girls and has been thought to be associated with underlying depression,
anxiety, or emotional problems.
Acne Keloidalis
Nuchae
Acne keloidalis nuchae, also known as keloidal folliculitis or
nuchal keloidal acne, is a chronic skin condition characterized
by inflamed bumps and scars on the back of the neck. Although
it is not related to common acne (acne vulgaris), acne keloidalis
nuchae initially appears as acne-like lesions of inflamed hair
follicles (folliculitis) on the nape of the neck (nuchal area)
and, without treatment, can result in large scars (keloids).
Acne Vulgaris
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is thought to be caused by
multiple factors. Overproduction of a normal oil on the skin,
called sebum, increases under the influence of hormones. This,
coupled with insufficient shedding of exfoliating dead skin cells,
plugs hair follicles.
Acrochordon
(Skin Tag)
A skin tag (acrochordon) is a common, possibly inherited condition
that manifests as small, flesh-colored growths on a thin stalk.
Skin tags are benign lesions that can sometimes become irritated
or traumatized.
Actinic Cheilitis
Actinic cheilitis, sometimes known as "farmer's lip"
or "sailor's lip," is a precancerous condition related
to cumulative lifetime sun exposure. The lower lip is most often
affected. Individuals with actinic cheilitis often present with
complaints of persistent dryness and cracking of the lips.
Actinic Keratosis
(Solar Keratosis)
Actinic keratoses, also known as solar keratoses, are small rough
or scaly areas of skin due to damage from sun exposure. Some actinic
keratoses can turn into squamous cell skin cancer, so it is important
to perform self-examinations often and catch them early.
Allergic
Contact Dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction
(the reaction to the allergen occurs 48–72 hours after exposure).
The most common allergens causing allergic contact dermatitis
appear to be nickel, chromates, rubber chemicals, and neomycin
(an antibacterial).
Allergic
Contact Dermatitis (Pediatric)
Allergic contact dermatitis is an allergy to a substance (the
allergen) touching the skin. The reaction occurs 48–72 hours
after exposure. Common allergens are nickel, chromates, rubber
chemicals, and neomycin (an antibacterial medication).
Alopecia
Areata
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition resulting in hair loss.
The immune system of the body mistakenly stops hair growth for
unknown reasons.
Alopecia,
Female Pattern
Female pattern baldness (alopecia) is a form of hair loss affecting
women due to an inherited susceptibility. It is most commonly
noticed after menopause, although it may begin earlier.
Alopecia,
Male Pattern
Male pattern baldness (alopecia), or androgenetic alopecia, is
the patterned balding of a man. Although the condition may affect
both the appearance and self-esteem of some men, one should note
that the condition is not a medical disorder.
Angular Cheilitis
Angular cheilitis (perlèche) is a chronic inflammatory
condition of the corners of the mouth. Usually associated with
a fungal (Candidal) or bacterial (Staphylococcal) infection, those
affected may also have thrush (oral candidiasis).
Athlete's Foot (Tinea Pedis)
Tinea pedis, also known as ringworm of the foot or athlete's foot,
is a surface (superficial) fungal infection of the skin of the
foot. The most common fungal disease in humans, athlete's foot,
may be passed to humans by direct contact with infected people,
infected animals, contaminated objects (such as towels or locker
room floors), or the soil
Basal Cell
Carcinoma (BCC)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), also known as basal cell epithelioma,
is the most common form of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma usually
occurs on sun-damaged skin, especially in light-skinned individuals
with a long history of chronic sun exposure.
Beau's Lines
Beau's lines are horizontal (transverse) depressions in the nail
plate that run parallel to the shape of the white, moon-shaped
portion of the nail bed (lunula) seen at the nail's origin. They
result from a sudden interruption of nail keratin synthesis and
grow distally with the nail plate.
Bedsore (Decubitus Ulcer)
Bedsores (decubitus ulcers), also known as pressure sores or ulcers,
result from prolonged pressure that cuts off the blood supply
to the skin, causing the skin and other tissue to die.
Birthmark (Congenital Melanocytic
Nevus)
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a mole that is present at
birth or shortly thereafter. It is one common type of birthmark,
caused by a cluster of color (pigment) cells in the skin and sometimes
in deeper tissues.
Bite or Sting, Arthropod
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most
reactions are mild and result due to an allergic reaction to either
the insect or the toxins injected with the bite or sting.
Bite or Sting, Arthropod
(Pediatric)
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most
reactions are mild, and symptoms are caused by an allergic reaction
to either the insect or the irritating substances (toxins) the
insect makes and injects along with the bite or sting.
Blepharitis
Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids. When it involves the
outside front of the eyelid, where the eyelashes are attached,
it is called anterior blepharitis. If blepharitis involves the
inner eyelid, it is called posterior blepharitis.
Boils (Furunculosis)
Boils (furuncles) are painful pus-filled bumps on the skin resulting
from the deep infection of a hair follicle. The infection is usually
caused by a type of bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus (staph).
Bug Bite or Sting
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most
reactions are mild and result due to an allergic reaction to either
the insect or the toxins injected with the bite or sting.
Bug Bite or Sting (Pediatric)
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most
reactions are mild, and symptoms are caused by an allergic reaction
to either the insect or the irritating substances (toxins) the
insect makes and injects along with the bite or sting.
Café
au Lait Macule
Café au lait macules (CALM) are well-defined flat areas
that are darker in color than the rest of the skin (hyperpigmented).
The term refers to their characteristic even (homogeneous) color
of "coffee with milk," which may be light to dark brown.
Callus
A callus (tyloma) is a thickening of the skin that occurs in response
to excessive, repeated shear or friction forces, commonly due
to constant rubbing of the skin.
Candidiasis
Candidiasis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is an infection
with the common yeast (or fungus) organism, Candida albicans,
which is commonly found in the environment. Sometimes this yeast
lives in the mouth, digestive (gastrointestinal) tract, and the
vagina, along with many kinds of harmless bacteria, without causing
any issues.
Candidiasis,
Diaper Dermatitis
Candida albicans is a type of fungus normally found in the digestive
(gastrointestinal) tract. If your baby is wearing a moist or blocked
up (occluded) diaper, particularly one that is dirty (has fecal
contamination), an inflammatory skin rash (dermatitis) may develop
on the baby's skin.
Candidiasis,
Oral (Thrush)
Thrush (oral candidiasis), also known as oral moniliasis, is a
yeast infection of the mouth or throat (the oral cavity). The
yeast that most commonly causes oral candidiasis is Candida albicans.
Canker Sore
(Aphthous Ulcer)
Canker sores (aphthous ulcers), or aphthae, are the most common
cause of periodic (recurring) ulcers inside the mouth and genital
linings (mucous membrane surfaces). Their cause is unknown, but
stress, lack of sleep, trauma, and perhaps some vitamin deficiencies,
toothpastes, and foods can make the condition worse.
Capillaritis
Capillaritis is characterized by leakage of red blood cells from
small, superficial blood vessels that results in pinpoint-like
hemorrhages (petechiae). Capillaritis is frequently found in patients
with long periods of extended standing related to their occupations.
Cataracts
A cataract is any clouding of the human lens. This clouding can
cause a reduction in vision. The lens is composed of protein and
water structured to allow light to clearly pass through. Changes
to the structure of the protein result in a cataract. The changes
in vision associated with a cataract depend upon which part of
the lens is affected.
Cellulitis
Cellulitis is an infection of the deeper skin tissue, which is
most often caused by the bacteria Streptococcus or Staphylococcus.
These bacteria are able to invade the skin through small cracks
(fissures) in the skin, causing the sudden appearance of skin
redness, swelling, and the sensation of heat. Cellulitis is often
accompanied by fever and chills.
Chapped Lips
(Cheilitis)
Chapped lips (cheilitis) are lips that appear dry, scaly, and
may have one or more small cracks (fissures). Often, the lips
are sensitive, and there may or may not be redness (erythema)
and swelling (edema) present.
Cheilitis
Chapped lips (cheilitis) are lips that appear dry, scaly, and
may have one or more small cracks (fissures). Often, the lips
are sensitive, and there may or may not be redness (erythema)
and swelling (edema) present.
Cheilitis,
Actinic
Actinic cheilitis, sometimes known as "farmer's lip"
or "sailor's lip," is a precancerous condition related
to cumulative lifetime sun exposure. The lower lip is most often
affected. Individuals with actinic cheilitis often present with
complaints of persistent dryness and cracking of the lips.
Cheilitis,
Angular (Perlèche)
Angular cheilitis (perlèche) is a chronic inflammatory
condition of the corners of the mouth. Usually associated with
a fungal (Candidal) or bacterial (Staphylococcal) infection, those
affected may also have thrush (oral candidiasis).
Cherry Hemangioma
A cherry hemangioma is a small non-cancerous, red-purple bump
on the skin that is typically seen in older adults. It is formed
from a proliferation of dilated small veins.
Chickenpox
(Varicella) Chickenpox (varicella)
is an infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus
that goes away on its own. Infection spreads among humans through
fluids from the airways, such as from coughing and sneezing, with
non-infected household members at high risk of becoming infected
as well.
Chlamydial
Infections
Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by the
bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which affects the genital tract
if acquired through vaginal sex, or the mouth or anus if acquired
from oral or anal sex. Chlamydia is spread through unprotected
sex with an infected person; it can also be spread from an infected
mother to her baby at birth.
Chondrodermatitis
Nodularis Helicis
Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis is a common inflammatory condition
of the ear's cartilage and overlying skin. The condition presents
with very tender, small bumps (papules) or rounded lumps (nodules).
Cold Sores
(Orofacial Herpes)
Herpes simplex infection of the mouth and face, known as orofacial
herpes simplex, herpes labialis, cold sores, or fever blisters,
is a common, recurrent skin condition associated with infection
by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Common Wart
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth
or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus
(HPV). Common warts are usually found on areas of the body prone
to trauma, such as the elbows, knees, and hands. The virus causes
thickening of the top skin layer. They are usually painless and
go away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve,
but can take up to two years.
Condyloma
Acuminatum (Genital Wart)
Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) are caused by more than 30
types (strains) of human papillomavirus (HPV). The infection involves
the genital area of men or women and is spread by skin-to-skin
contact during sexual activity.
Conjunctivitis
Pink eye (conjunctivitis) is an inflammation of the tissue on
the surface of the eye and/or the inside lining of the eyelids.
Contact Lens
Solution Toxicity
Contact lens solution toxicity refers to those conditions in the
eye that are the result of an unwanted reaction to the use of
such solutions.
Corn
Corns are thickenings of the skin composed of keratin that are
typically found on the toes caused by repeated friction or pressure
to the area. The base of the corn is seen on the surface of the
skin while the top points inward, causing discomfort.
Corneal Abrasion
A corneal abrasion is a scratch or cut (abrasion) of the clear
outer layer (cornea) of the eye. Injury (trauma) is the most common
cause for corneal abrasions.
Corneal Erosion,
Recurrent
Recurrent corneal erosion is the recurrent breakdown of the outermost
layer (epithelium) of the cornea. In recurrent corneal erosions,
the outermost layer of the cornea fails to glue in tightly to
its underlying membrane (basement membrane), making it possible
for the epithelium to break off too easily with little effort.
Corneal Foreign
Body
A corneal foreign body occurs when the cornea has a piece of foreign
matter lodged in it. The most common types of foreign bodies include
particles of dust, debris (eg, metal, wood), paint chips, and
plant materials.
Cutaneous
Horn
A cutaneous horn, also known as cornu cutaneum, refers to a specific
appearance of a skin lesion in which a cone-shaped protuberance
arises on the skin caused by overgrowth of the most superficial
layer of skin (epidermis). A cutaneous horn is not a particular
lesion but is a reaction pattern of the skin.
Cutis Rhomboidalis
Nuchae
Cutis rhomboidalis nuchae refers to the manifestation of long-term,
prolonged sun exposure and resultant damage to the skin occurring
on the back of the neck. Long-term, chronic sun exposure causes
thickening of the most superficial layer of the skin (the epidermis)
and abnormalities in the composition of the middle layer of the
skin (the dermis).
Cyst, Epidermoid
(Sebaceous Cyst)
Epidermoid cysts, sometimes known as sebaceous cysts, contain
a soft "cheesy" material composed of keratin, a protein
component of skin, hair, and nails. Epidermoid cysts form when
the top layer of skin (epidermis) grows into the middle layer
of the skin (dermis).
Cyst, Myxoid
A myxoid cyst (also known as a digital mucous cyst or pseudocyst)
is a growth usually occurring on the finger. The cysts are believed
to form from deteriorated issues.
Dandruff
Dandruff, also known as seborrhea, is a common non-contagious
condition of skin areas rich in oil glands (the face, scalp, and
upper trunk), marked by flaking (overproduction of skin cells)
and sometimes redness and itching (inflammation) of the scalp,
varying in severity from mild flaking of the scalp to scaly, red
patches.
Dermatitis,
Atopic (Eczema)
Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a disorder is associated with dry
skin, which begins with intense itching that is aggravated by
scratching. The exact cause of eczema is unknown, and there is
no known cure.
Dermatitis,
Contact
Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction
(the reaction to the allergen occurs 48–72 hours after exposure).
The most common allergens causing allergic contact dermatitis
appear to be nickel, chromates, rubber chemicals, and neomycin
(an antibacterial).
Dermatitis,
Contact (Pediatric)
Allergic contact dermatitis is an allergy to a substance (the
allergen) touching the skin. The reaction occurs 48–72 hours
after exposure. Common allergens are nickel, chromates, rubber
chemicals, and neomycin (an antibacterial medication).
Dermatitis,
Diaper Irritant
Diaper rash (irritant diaper dermatitis) occurs when an infant's
sensitive skin is exposed to urine and stool, coupled with the
diaper rubbing and chafing the skin, a tight-fitting diaper, or
possible a diaper being left on too long. A diarrheal illness
can bring on or worsen the condition.
Dermatitis,
Dyshidrotic
Dyshidrotic eczema (dyshidrotic dermatitis) is generally defined
as a rash limited to the hands (usually the palms and sides of
the fingers) and sometimes the feet. Dyshidrotic eczema manifests
as small, itchy, fluid-filled blisters.
Dermatitis,
Irritant Contact
Irritant contact dermatitis is an inflammatory rash caused by
direct chemical injury to the skin. Unlike allergic contact dermatitis,
which appears 48–72 hours after exposure to an allergen,
the symptoms of irritant contact dermatitis can result within
a few hours if the exposure is a strong irritant.
Dermatitis,
Nipple
Nipple dermatitis describes either itchiness or soreness of either
one or both nipples. There are several possible causes of this
problem, including eczema (atopic dermatitis), thrush (a yeast
infection), an allergic reaction (contact dermatitis), or a local
irritation.
Dermatitis,
Nummular
Nummular dermatitis is a particular form of eczema (atopic dermatitis)
characterized by coin-shaped, raised areas on the skin that are
scaly. The cause of nummular dermatitis is not known, but it is
associated with triggers such as frequent bathing, irritating
and drying soaps, and exposure to irritating fabrics such as wool.
Dermatitis,
Perioral
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like condition of unknown cause.
Some possible causes are the use of topical corticosteroid creams,
cosmetic products, oral contraceptives, fluoride and anti-tartar
ingredients in dental products, and it tends to occur in those
prone to eczema.
Dermatitis,
Perioral of Childhood
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like problem commonly seen around
the mouth in children. Children are otherwise well, but they develop
small pink bumps around the mouth and sometimes around the nose
and eyes.
Dermatitis,
Poison Ivy - Oak - Sumac
Poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac dermatides are a reaction
to the rhus antigen, which is found in poison ivy, poison oak,
and poison sumac plants.
Dermatitis,
Seborrheic
Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrhea, is a common non-contagious
condition of skin areas rich in oil glands (the face, scalp, and
upper trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis is marked by flaking (overproduction
of skin cells) and sometimes redness and itching (inflammation)
of the skin, and it varies in severity from mild dandruff of the
scalp to scaly, red patches on the skin.
Dermatitis,
Seborrheic (Pediatric)
Seborrheic dermatitis in infants is a common non-contagious condition
of skin areas rich in oil glands (eg, the face, scalp, and upper
trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis is marked by overproduction of skin
cells (leading to flaking) and sometimes inflammation (leading
to redness and itching). It varies in severity from mild dandruff
of the scalp to scaly, red patches on the skin.
Dermatitis,
Stasis
Dermatitis is a term used to describe irritation of the skin with
scaling, rough or dry skin, redness, itching, and sometimes oozing,
crusts, and erosions. Stasis is a term used to describe leg swelling
seen in conditions of poor circulation and fluid buildup.
Dermatofibroma
Dermatofibromas, or histiocytomas, are common non-cancerous (benign)
skin growths. They are firm to hard, and they are skin-colored
or slightly pigmented.
Dermatosis
Papulosa Nigra
Dermatosis papulosa nigra is a harmless condition commonly affecting
the faces of black and sometimes Asian adults. The cause of dermatosis
papulosa nigra is unknown, although about half of people affected
have a family history of the disease.
Diabetic
Dermopathy
Diabetic dermopathy, also known as shin spots or pigmented pretibial
patches, is a skin condition usually found on the lower legs of
people with diabetes. It is thought to result from changes in
the small blood vessels that supply the skin and from minor leakage
of blood products from these vessels into the skin.
Diaper Dermatitis
(Candidiasis)
Candida albicans is a type of fungus normally found in the digestive
(gastrointestinal) tract. If your baby is wearing a moist or blocked
up (occluded) diaper, particularly one that is dirty (has fecal
contamination), an inflammatory skin rash (dermatitis) may develop
on the baby's skin.
Diaper Rash
(Irritant Diaper Dermatitis)
Diaper rash (irritant diaper dermatitis) occurs when an infant's
sensitive skin is exposed to urine and stool, coupled with the
diaper rubbing and chafing the skin, a tight-fitting diaper, or
possible a diaper being left on too long. A diarrheal illness
can bring on or worsen the condition.
Discoid Lupus
Erythematosus
Lupus is a disease in which your body's self-protection mechanism
(immune system) attacks your own body rather than a foreign invader.
The cause of lupus is unknown, and the disease usually takes one
of two forms: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which can affect
any body organ; and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), which is
milder and usually affects only the skin.
Drug Eruption,
Unclassified
A drug rash (drug eruption), also known as a drug reaction, is
a skin condition caused by a medication. A drug rash can appear
in many forms, and any medication can cause a drug rash.
Drug Eruption,
Unclassified (Pediatric)
A drug eruption, also known as drug reaction or drug rash, is
a skin condition caused by taking a drug (medication). A drug
eruption can appear in many ways, and any medication can cause
a drug eruption.
Dry Skin
(Xerosis)
Dry skin (xerosis) is a condition of rough, dry skin with fine
scaling of skin and, occasionally, with small cracks in the skin.
Dry skin is also known as winter itch or asteatosis.
Dyshidrotic Eczema (Dyshidrotic
Dermatitis)
Dyshidrotic eczema (dyshidrotic dermatitis) is generally defined
as a rash limited to the hands (usually the palms and sides of
the fingers) and sometimes the feet. Dyshidrotic eczema manifests
as small, itchy, fluid-filled blisters.
Eczema (Atopic
Dermatitis)
Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a disorder is associated with dry
skin, which begins with intense itching that is aggravated by
scratching. The exact cause of eczema is unknown, and there is
no known cure.
Epidermoid
Cyst
Epidermoid cysts, sometimes known as sebaceous cysts, contain
a soft "cheesy" material composed of keratin, a protein
component of skin, hair, and nails. Epidermoid cysts form when
the top layer of skin (epidermis) grows into the middle layer
of the skin (dermis).
Erythema
Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum), also called slapped-cheek
disease, is a common illness in young children due to infection
with parvovirus B19. Fifth disease is spread by contact with others
who are infected, by exposure to fluid from the nose (respiratory
secretions).
Erythema
Nodosum
Erythema nodosum is a skin condition characterized by the sudden
eruption of tender, red bumps, particularly on the shins. It represents
inflammation of the deeper portions of the skin (the adipose tissue,
or fatty layer of skin).
Erythrasma
Erythrasma is a common chronic skin condition affecting the skin
folds. The slowly enlarging patches of pink to brown dry skin
are caused by an infection by the bacterium Corynebacterium minutissimum.
Fifth Disease
(Erythema Infectiosum)
Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum), also called slapped-cheek
disease, is a common illness in young children due to infection
with parvovirus B19. Fifth disease is spread by contact with others
who are infected, by exposure to fluid from the nose (respiratory
secretions).
Flashes and Floaters
Flashes and floaters describe a condition that comes from changes
in the back chamber of the eye (the posterior chamber, also known
as the vitreous cavity).
Flat Wart
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth
or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus
(HPV). The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. Flat
warts tend to stay small in size but can be numerous in quantity.
They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes
taking a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).
Folliculitis
Folliculitis is a skin condition caused by an inflammation of
one or more hair follicles in a limited area. It typically occurs
in areas of irritation, such as sites of shaving, skin friction,
or rubbing from clothes. In most cases of folliculitis, the inflamed
follicles are infected with bacteria, especially with Staphylococcus
organisms, that normally live on the skin.
Folliculitis, Pseudomonas
(Hot Tub Folliculitis)
Hot tub rash (Pseudomonas folliculitis) is an infection of the
hair follicle with Pseudomonas bacteria. It is most commonly seen
in people who bathe in a contaminated spa, swimming pool, or hot
tub.
Fordyce Spots
Fordyce spots are normal large, superficial sebaceous (oil-producing)
glands seen on the moist tissue that lines some organs and body
cavities (mucosal surfaces). The "spots" are asymptomatic
and can be found on the head of the penis, the inner foreskin,
and, most commonly, at the border of the lips.
Furunculosis
Boils (furuncles) are painful pus-filled bumps on the skin resulting
from the deep infection of a hair follicle. The infection is usually
caused by a type of bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus (staph).
Genital Herpes
Genital herpes, the herpes simplex infection of the genital area,
is a common, recurrent skin condition associated with infection
by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection usually appears
as small blisters or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, and
buttocks, though infections can develop almost anywhere on the
skin.
Genital Wart
(Condyloma Acuminata)
Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) are caused by more than 30
types (strains) of human papillomavirus (HPV). The infection involves
the genital area of men or women and is spread by skin-to-skin
contact during sexual activity.
German Measles
(Rubella)
German measles (rubella) is caused by the rubella virus and spreads
among humans through contact with fluids in the respiratory tract.
The development (incubation) period of German measles is 14–21
days before starting to feel ill, and a rash accompanied by fever
appears 1–7 days later.
Gonorrhea,
Primary Infection
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium
Neisseria gonorrhea. It is a contagious sexually transmitted disease
spread by unprotected oral, vaginal, or anal sex with an infected
partner. The bacterium can live in the mouth, semen or vaginal
fluids of infected persons. It is possible to be infected without
symptoms and continue to spread the disease.
Gout
Gout, also called gouty arthritis, is a disease of how the body
processes nutrients (metabolism) in which crystals of uric acid
are deposited in the joints, tendons, and skin. Most commonly
affecting men, gout emerges as the sudden development of swollen,
red, hot, tender joints, especially at the big (great) toe, ankle,
wrist, and knee.
Granuloma
Annulare
Granuloma annulare is a common skin condition characterized by
bumps appearing over the joints and the backs of the hands. Its
cause is not known, and most episodes of granuloma annulare clear
up after a few years, with or without treatment.
Granuloma, Pyogenic
Pyogenic granuloma is a common, benign growth that often appears
as a rapidly growing, bleeding bump on the skin or inside the
mouth. It is composed of blood vessels and may occur at the site
of minor injury.
Hair Loss
(Alopecia Areata)
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition resulting in hair loss.
The immune system of the body mistakenly stops hair growth for
unknown reasons.
Hair Loss,
Female Pattern Baldness (Female Pattern Alopecia)
Female pattern baldness (alopecia) is a form of hair loss affecting
women due to an inherited susceptibility. It is most commonly
noticed after menopause, although it may begin earlier.
Hair Loss,
Male Pattern Baldness (Male Pattern Alopecia)
Male pattern baldness (alopecia), or androgenetic alopecia, is
the patterned balding of a man. Although the condition may affect
both the appearance and self-esteem of some men, one should note
that the condition is not a medical disorder.
Hairy Tongue
Hairy tongue, also known as black tongue, is a benign condition
of elongation and staining of the fingerlike projections (papillae)
on the tongue surface. This condition may be caused by overgrowth
of a bacteria or yeast that produces a colored substance (pigment).
Hand-Foot-and-Mouth
Disease
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is a suddenly appearing (acute), self-limited
viral disease caused by viruses of the enterovirus group, particularly
Coxsackievirus A16. The development (incubation) period from infection
to symptoms is short, from 3–6 days.
Head Lice
(Pediculosis Capitis)
Head lice (pediculosis capitis) is a very common, highly contagious
condition that often occurs in nurseries, day care centers, and
schools. It is caused by infestation with the human head louse,
Pediculus humanus capitis, and it can be very itchy.
Herpes Simplex
Virus (HSV)
The first eruption of skin or mouth sores with the herpes simplex
virus is called primary herpes. This may be more severe than the
more commonly recognized secondary, or recurrent, herpes infections,
which are also called cold sores or fever blisters.
Herpes Simplex
Virus (HSV), Genital
Genital herpes, the herpes simplex infection of the genital area,
is a common, recurrent skin condition associated with infection
by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection usually appears
as small blisters or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, and
buttocks, though infections can develop almost anywhere on the
skin.
Herpes Simplex
Virus (HSV), Orofacial
Herpes simplex infection of the mouth and face, known as orofacial
herpes simplex, herpes labialis, cold sores, or fever blisters,
is a common, recurrent skin condition associated with infection
by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Herpes Simplex
Virus (HSV), Sacral
Herpes simplex infection of the lower back and buttocks—also
called sacral herpes simplex or genital herpes—is a common,
recurrent skin condition associated with infection by the herpes
simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection usually appears as small blisters
or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, buttocks, and lower
back, though infections can develop almost anywhere on the skin.
Herpetic
Whitlow
Herpetic whitlow—also called digital herpes simplex, finger
herpes, or hand herpes—is a painful viral infection occurring
on the fingers or around the fingernails. Herpetic whitlow is
caused by infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Hives (Urticaria)
Hives (urticaria), also known as welts, is a common skin condition
with an itchy rash of pink to red bumps that appear and disappear
anywhere on the body. An individual lesion of hives typically
lasts a few hours before fading away, and new hives can appear
as older areas disappear.
Hordeolum
(Stye) and Chalazion
A stye (hordeolum) is a local, acutely inflamed growth (swelling,
lesion) of the eyelid. They can occur at the lid margin or farther
up the lid on either the inner (tarsal) side or the outer (skin)
side of the lid. A chalazion is the chronic form of a stye, and
its cellular makeup is different than that of a stye.
Hot Tub Rash
(Pseudomonas Folliculitis)
Hot tub rash (Pseudomonas folliculitis) is an infection of the
hair follicle with Pseudomonas bacteria. It is most commonly seen
in people who bathe in a contaminated spa, swimming pool, or hot
tub.
Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) Primary Infection
Primary HIV infection (PHI) syndrome is an acute, flu-like illness
that develops anywhere from 1–6 weeks following exposure
to HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus).
Hyperpigmentation,
Post-Inflammatory
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is darkening of the skin in
an area of prior injury or skin disorder from increased pigment
(melanin) left from the healing process. Sometimes the darkening
may also be due to an iron pigment left behind when old red blood
cells die.
Hypopigmentation, Post-Inflammatory
Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation is a loss of skin color (pigmentation)
after your skin heals from an injury. The pigment-producing cells
(melanocytes) are damaged or destroyed in the healing process.
Ichthyosis Vulgaris
Ichthyosis vulgaris, also known as common
ichthyosis or fish scale disease, is a skin condition resulting
in scaly skin, especially on the arms and legs. Its name is derived
from the Greek word meaning "fish."
Impetigo
Impetigo is a common and contagious bacterial skin infection that
is usually a minor problem, but sometimes complications may occur
that require treatment. Complications related to impetigo can
include deeper skin infection (cellulitis), meningitis, or a kidney
inflammation (post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, which is
not prevented by treatment).
Intertrigo
Intertrigo is irritation of touching skin surfaces in body fold
regions (armpits, under the breasts, belly, buttocks, groin, and
sometimes between fingers or toes). Intertrigo can be worsened
by any conditions causing increased heat, wetness, and friction.
Irritant
Contact Dermatitis
Irritant contact dermatitis is an inflammatory rash caused by
direct chemical injury to the skin. Unlike allergic contact dermatitis,
which appears 48–72 hours after exposure to an allergen,
the symptoms of irritant contact dermatitis can result within
a few hours if the exposure is a strong irritant.
Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris)
Jock itch (tinea cruris) is a surface (superficial) fungal infection
of the skin on either side of the body where the thigh joins the
abdomen, known as the groin. It is often spread to the groin from
tinea infection on the feet (tinea pedis or athlete's feet).
Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis
Sweaty sock syndrome (juvenile plantar dermatosis) is a condition
where the skin becomes scaly and red on the soles of the feet
of children and young teenagers. The cause of sweaty sock syndrome
is unknown, though alternating moist and dry conditions may lead
to the condition.
Keloid
Keloids are dense, thick nodules, typically found at areas of
previously injured skin (burns, lacerations), or they may arise
spontaneously on normal skin. They may be single or multiple.
Keratoacanthoma
Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a rapidly growing skin cancer usually
appearing as a volcano-like bump on the sun-exposed skin of middle-aged
and elderly individuals. Many scientists consider keratoacanthoma
to be a less serious form of squamous cell carcinoma.
Keratolysis,
Pitted
Pitted keratolysis is a skin condition affecting the soles of
the feet and, less commonly, the palms of the hands. It is caused
by a bacterial infection of the skin and may give off an unpleasant
odor.
Keratosis
Pilaris
Keratosis pilaris is a very common benign skin condition appearing
as small, whitish bumps on the upper arms and thighs, especially
of children and young adults. Individual lesions of keratosis
pilaris arise when a hair follicle becomes plugged with keratin,
a protein found in skin, hair, and nails.
Keratosis,
Seborrheic
Seborrheic keratoses are common benign growths of unknown cause
seen in adults due to a thickening of an area of the top skin
layer.
Kerion
A kerion is a scalp condition that occurs in severe cases of tinea
capitis, or scalp ringworm. A kerion appears as an inflamed, thickened,
pus-filled area, and it is sometimes accompanied by a fever.
Lentigo Simplex
Lentigo simplex is a type of color-containing (pigmented) lesion
not caused by sun exposure, which looks like the freckle-like
condition (lentigo) caused by sun exposure (solar lentigo). In
both conditions, an increased number of pigment-producing cells
(melanocytes) are present.
Lentigo,
Solar
A solar lentigo (plural, solar lentigines), also known as a sun-induced
freckle or senile lentigo, is a dark (hyperpigmented) lesion caused
by natural or artificial ultraviolet (UV) light. Solar lentigines
may be single or multiple. This type of lentigo is different from
a simple lentigo (lentigo simplex) because it is caused by exposure
to UV light.
Lichen Planus
Lichen planus (LP) is a disease of the skin and, less often, the
scalp, fingernails, toenails, and/or inside the mouth or genitalia
(mucous membranes). Lichen planus can resolve on its own without
treatment or be chronic, even with aggressive treatment. The cause
of the inflammation that leads to lichen planus is unknown.
Lichen Simplex
Chronicus
Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC), also known as neurodermatitis
circumscripta, is an itchy skin condition causing thickened skin
at the areas of skin injured by repeated scratching and rubbing.
Lichen simplex chronicus is not a primary disease but rather the
skin's response to chronic physical injury (trauma).
Lupus Erythematosus,
Discoid
Lupus is a disease in which your body's self-protection mechanism
(immune system) attacks your own body rather than a foreign invader.
The cause of lupus is unknown, and the disease usually takes one
of two forms: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which can affect
any body organ; and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), which is
milder and usually affects only the skin.
Lupus Erythematosus,
Systemic
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also called lupus, is a chronic
inflammatory disease that can affect almost any part of the body,
especially the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, bones, blood,
or brain. Systemic lupus erythematosus is considered an autoimmune
disorder, meaning that a person's own immune system attacks his
or her own healthy cells and tissues, causing inflammation and
damage.
Lyme Disease
Lyme disease is the result of infection with the bacteria Borrelia
burgdorferi. The disease is transmitted by infected ticks that
also feed on mice and deer. The tick can be found attached to
the skin in many cases. Most cases of Lyme disease occur in the
spring and summer months.
Lymphogranuloma
Venereum (LGV)
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is an uncommon sexually transmitted
disease caused by certain types of the bacteria called Chlamydia
trachomatis. It is spread through having unprotected vaginal,
oral, or anal sex.
Measles (Rubeola)
Measles (rubeola) is a highly contagious infection of the respiratory
system, which is caused by a virus. It does not occur often in
the United States, since immunizations have been required since
the 1960s.
Melanoma
Melanoma is a life-threatening form of skin cancer. This cancer
starts in the color-producing (pigment-producing) cells of the
skin. Melanoma may develop from a previously existing mole (nevus)
or may occur as a new lesion.
Melanotic
Macule, Oral
Oral melanotic macule is a non-cancerous (benign), dark spot found
on the lips or inside the mouth. An oral melanotic macule found
on the lip is sometimes called a labial melanotic macule.
Melasma
Melasma is a non-cancerous (benign) disorder of unknown cause
that causes dark (hyperpigmented) patches, primarily on the face.
The condition is marked by brown patches that worsen in response
to increases of the hormone estrogen, such as during pregnancy
or with the use of birth control pills.
Milia
Milia are common non-cancerous (benign) skin findings in people
of all ages. Milia formed directly from sloughed-off skin (primary
milia) are small, fluid-filled lesions (cysts) usually found on
the faces of infants and adults, while lesions formed indirectly
(secondary milia) are small cysts found within areas of skin affected
by another skin condition.
Miliaria
Rubra
Prickly heat (miliaria rubra), also known as heat rash, is a rash
of small red bumps caused by blockage of the sweat glands. It
can be due to high fever, excessive sweating, or being over-bundled.
It is seen commonly in hot, humid tropical climates. It can cause
discomfort, itching, and, sometimes, stinging or "prickly"-type
pain.
Mole (Nevus)
A mole (nevus) is a non-cancerous (benign) skin lesion that is
made up of the color-producing (pigment-producing) cells of the
skin (melanocytes). A mole that is present at birth is referred
to as a congenital nevus.
Mole, Atypical
(Atypical Nevus)
Atypical moles (atypical nevi) or dysplastic moles (dysplastic
nevi), are caused by collections of the color-producing (pigment-producing)
cells of the skin (melanocytes) in which the cells grow in an
abnormal way. Atypical moles may occur as new lesions or as a
change in an existing mole.
Molluscum
Contagiosum
Molluscum is a common painless and usually harmless viral infection
of the skin. Although it is painless and usually goes away after
several months, some cases can last a few years.
Molluscum
Contagiosum (Pediatric)
Molluscum contagiosum is a common painless and usually harmless
viral infection of the skin. Although molluscum contagiosum is
painless and usually goes away after several months, some infections
can last a few years. Molluscum contagiosum is a common painless
and usually harmless viral infection of the skin. Although molluscum
contagiosum is painless and usually goes away after several months,
some infections can last a few years.
Mucocele,
Oral
An oral mucocele is a harmless, fluid-containing (cyst-like) swelling
of the lip or mouth lining (mucosa) due to mucus from the small
salivary glands of the mouth leaking into the soft tissue, usually
from injury (trauma) or blockage of the gland.
Myxoid Cyst
A myxoid cyst (also known as a digital mucous cyst or pseudocyst)
is a growth usually occurring on the finger. The cysts are believed
to form from deteriorated issues.
Nail Infection, Bacterial (Paronychia)
Paronychia, commonly known as bacterial nail infection, is inflammation
of the region of the finger or toe from which the nail plate originates,
which is called the proximal nail fold (PNF). This inflammation
may occur in the short term (acute) or may be a long-term problem
or one that keeps coming back (chronic).
Nail Infection,
Fungal (Onychomycosis)
Onychomycosis, commonly known as a fungal nail infection, is infection
of the fingernails or toenails by forms of fungi and yeast. Fungal
nail infections account for nearly half of all nail disorders.
Nail Lifting
(Onycholysis)
Nail lifting (onycholysis) is the spontaneous separation (detachment)
of the fingernail or toenail from the nail bed at the end of the
nail (distal) and/or on the sides of the nail (lateral). The appearance
of nail lifting may resemble a half-moon, or the free edge of
the nail may rise up like a hood.
Nail Splitting
(Onychoschizia)
Onychoschizia, commonly known as nail splitting but also known
as onychoschisis or lamellar dystrophy, is a condition that causes
horizontal splits within the nail plate. Nail splitting is often
seen together with onychorrhexis – long-wise (longitudinal)
splitting or ridging of the nail plate – and these 2 diseases
together are called "brittle nail syndrome."
Nevus
A mole (nevus) is a non-cancerous (benign) skin lesion that is
made up of the color-producing (pigment-producing) cells of the
skin (melanocytes). A mole that is present at birth is referred
to as a congenital nevus.
Nevus, Atypical
Atypical moles (atypical nevi) or dysplastic moles (dysplastic
nevi), are caused by collections of the color-producing (pigment-producing)
cells of the skin (melanocytes) in which the cells grow in an
abnormal way. Atypical moles may occur as new lesions or as a
change in an existing mole.
Nevus, Congenital
Melanocytic
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a mole that is present at
birth or shortly thereafter. It is one common type of birthmark,
caused by a cluster of color (pigment) cells in the skin and sometimes
in deeper tissues.
Nipple Dermatitis
Nipple dermatitis describes either itchiness or soreness of either
one or both nipples. There are several possible causes of this
problem, including eczema (atopic dermatitis), thrush (a yeast
infection), an allergic reaction (contact dermatitis), or a local
irritation.
Notalgia
Paraesthetica
Notalgia paresthetica is a condition where the skin of the upper
back becomes itchy, and there is often a darker patch of skin
on the itchy area. Notalgia paresthetica may be caused by a problem
with the nerve cells that provide feeling to the skin of the upper
back (sensory neuropathy).
Nummular Dermatitis
Nummular dermatitis is a particular form of eczema (atopic dermatitis)
characterized by coin-shaped, raised areas on the skin that are
scaly. The cause of nummular dermatitis is not known, but it is
associated with triggers such as frequent bathing, irritating
and drying soaps, and exposure to irritating fabrics such as wool.
Onycholysis
Nail lifting (onycholysis) is the spontaneous separation (detachment)
of the fingernail or toenail from the nail bed at the end of the
nail (distal) and/or on the sides of the nail (lateral). The appearance
of nail lifting may resemble a half-moon, or the free edge of
the nail may rise up like a hood.
Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis, commonly known as a fungal nail infection, is infection
of the fingernails or toenails by forms of fungi and yeast. Fungal
nail infections account for nearly half of all nail disorders.
Onychoschizia
Onychoschizia, commonly known as nail splitting but also known
as onychoschisis or lamellar dystrophy, is a condition that causes
horizontal splits within the nail plate. Nail splitting is often
seen together with onychorrhexis – long-wise (longitudinal)
splitting or ridging of the nail plate – and these 2 diseases
together are called "brittle nail syndrome."
Oral Melanotic
Macule
Oral melanotic macule is a non-cancerous (benign), dark spot found
on the lips or inside the mouth. An oral melanotic macule found
on the lip is sometimes called a labial melanotic macule.
Oral Mucocele
An oral mucocele is a harmless, fluid-containing (cyst-like) swelling
of the lip or mouth lining (mucosa) due to mucus from the small
salivary glands of the mouth leaking into the soft tissue, usually
from injury (trauma) or blockage of the gland.
Paronychia
Paronychia, commonly known as bacterial nail infection, is inflammation
of the region of the finger or toe from which the nail plate originates,
which is called the proximal nail fold (PNF). This inflammation
may occur in the short term (acute) or may be a long-term problem
or one that keeps coming back (chronic).
Pediculosis
Capitis (Head Lice)
Head lice (pediculosis capitis) is a very common, highly contagious
condition that often occurs in nurseries, day care centers, and
schools. It is caused by infestation with the human head louse,
Pediculus humanus capitis, and it can be very itchy.
Pediculosis
Pubis (Pubic Lice)
Pubic lice (pediculosis pubis), also known as crab lice or crabs,
is a louse (a type of wingless, bloodsucking insect) that can
live and multiply (infest) on skin that grows pubic hair. Pubic
lice most commonly affect the pubic hair, but other hair-bearing
areas, such as the armpits and eyelashes, eyebrows, or scalp,
may also be affected.
Perioral
Dermatitis
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like condition of unknown cause.
Some possible causes are the use of topical corticosteroid creams,
cosmetic products, oral contraceptives, fluoride and anti-tartar
ingredients in dental products, and it tends to occur in those
prone to eczema.
Perioral
Dermatitis (Pediatric)
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like problem commonly seen around
the mouth in children. Children are otherwise well, but they develop
small pink bumps around the mouth and sometimes around the nose
and eyes.
Pilar Cyst
Pilar (trichilemmal) cysts, sometimes referred to as wens, are
common fluid-filled growths (cysts) that form from hair follicles
that are most often found on the scalp. The cysts are smooth and
mobile, filled with keratin (a protein component found in hair,
nails, and skin), and they may or may not be tender.
Pink Eye
(Conjunctivitis)
Pink eye (conjunctivitis) is an inflammation of the tissue on
the surface of the eye and/or the inside lining of the eyelids.
Pitted Keratolysis
Pitted keratolysis is a skin condition affecting the soles of
the feet and, less commonly, the palms of the hands. It is caused
by a bacterial infection of the skin and may give off an unpleasant
odor.
Pityriasis
Alba
Pityriasis alba is a common noncancerous (benign) skin condition
affecting children. It appears as light-colored patches, especially
on the cheeks.
Pityriasis
Rosea
Pityriasis rosea (PR) is a common non-cancerous (benign) rash
that mostly affects the back, chest, and abdomen. It starts fairly
quickly, lasts about 6–8 weeks, and is usually not itchy.
Plantar Wart
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth
or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus
(HPV). The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. A plantar
wart occurs on the sole of the foot. It can look and feel like
a callus. Plantar warts can be small, or they can grow to cover
most of the sole of the foot. They are usually painless and go
away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve (but
can take up to 2 years).
Poikiloderma
of Civatte
Poikiloderma of Civatte is a chronic, non-cancerous (benign) skin
condition in fair-skinned adults, which is probably caused by
long-term sun exposure. Poikiloderma of Civatte shows a specific
pattern of color change in the skin due to sun damage to the neck
and sometimes the center of the chest.
Poison Ivy,
Oak, and Sumac
Poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac dermatides are a reaction
to the rhus antigen, which is found in poison ivy, poison oak,
and poison sumac plants.
Post-Inflammatory
Hyperpigmentation
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is darkening of the skin in
an area of prior injury or skin disorder from increased pigment
(melanin) left from the healing process. Sometimes the darkening
may also be due to an iron pigment left behind when old red blood
cells die.
Post-Inflammatory
Hypopigmentation
Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation is a loss of skin color (pigmentation)
after your skin heals from an injury. The pigment-producing cells
(melanocytes) are damaged or destroyed in the healing process.
Presbyopia
Presbyopia is an age-related change in vision whereby one loses
the ability to see near without corrective lenses or corrective
surgery. The cause of presbyopia is a change in the ability of
the human lens to change its shape (a process called accommodation)
to allow one to focus on objects that are at close range.
Prickly Heat
(Miliaria Rubra)
Prickly heat (miliaria rubra), also known as heat rash, is a rash
of small red bumps caused by blockage of the sweat glands. It
can be due to high fever, excessive sweating, or being over-bundled.
It is seen commonly in hot, humid tropical climates. It can cause
discomfort, itching, and, sometimes, stinging or "prickly"-type
pain.
Primary Syphilis
Primary syphilis is a disease caused by a corkscrew-shaped bacterium
(a spirochete) called Treponema pallidum. It causes disease when
it penetrates broken skin of the genitals or the mucous membranes
of the mouth or anus.
Pseudofolliculitis
Barbae
Razor bumps (pseudofolliculitis barbae), also known as shaving
bumps, affects men with tightly curved (or curly) hairs; the problem
is a reaction to the tip of the hair growing back under the skin
or into the hair follicle after a close shave. Razor bumps is
not an infection but rather a "foreign body" reaction,
much like the body would react to a splinter of wood in the skin.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a non-contagious, lifelong skin problem with thickened
red, and often scaly, skin. It is very likely to run in families
(hereditary) and seems to be caused by errors in how the immune
system works.
Pubic Lice
(Pediculosis Pubis)
Pubic lice (pediculosis pubis), also known as crab lice or crabs,
is a louse (a type of wingless, bloodsucking insect) that can
live and multiply (infest) on skin that grows pubic hair. Pubic
lice most commonly affect the pubic hair, but other hair-bearing
areas, such as the armpits and eyelashes, eyebrows, or scalp,
may also be affected.
Pyogenic Granuloma
Pyogenic granuloma is a common, benign growth that often appears
as a rapidly growing, bleeding bump on the skin or inside the
mouth. It is composed of blood vessels and may occur at the site
of minor injury.
Raynaud's Disease
Raynaud's disease is a disorder in which the blood vessels to
the fingers and toes (digits) become abnormally closed off (constricted).
The fingers and toes of individuals with Raynaud's disease change
color from white to blue to red, often causing them to feel numb.
Razor Bumps
(Pseudofolliculitis Barbae)
Razor bumps (pseudofolliculitis barbae), also known as shaving
bumps, affects men with tightly curved (or curly) hairs; the problem
is a reaction to the tip of the hair growing back under the skin
or into the hair follicle after a close shave. Razor bumps is
not an infection but rather a "foreign body" reaction,
much like the body would react to a splinter of wood in the skin.
Recurrent
Corneal Erosion
A recurrent corneal erosion is the recurrent breakdown of the
outermost layer (epithelium) of the cornea. In recurrent corneal
erosions, the outermost layer of the cornea fails to glue in tightly
to its underlying membrane (basement membrane), making it possible
for the epithelium to break off too easily with little effort.
Ringworm
(Tinea Corporis)
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may
form a ring-like pattern on affected areas of the body. Tinea
corporis, also known as ringworm of the body, tinea circinata,
or simply ringworm, is a surface (superficial) fungal infection
of the skin.
Ringworm,
Beard (Tinea Barbae)
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may
form a ring-like pattern on affected areas of the body. Beard
ringworm (tinea barbae), also known as tinea sycosis or barber's
itch, is a fungal infection of the skin, hair, and hair follicles
of the beard and mustache area.
Ringworm,
Facial (Tinea Faciale)
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some infections
form a ring-like pattern on affected areas of the body. Facial
ringworm (tinea faciale), also known as tinea faciei or ringworm
of the face, is a common, non-cancerous (benign) fungal infection
of the surface (superficial) skin of the face.
Ringworm,
Scalp (Tinea Capitis)
Scalp ringworm (tinea capitis) is a common mild infection of the
scalp and hair that appears as scaly spots and patches of broken
hair on the head. Caused by a fungus, it is most commonly seen
in children.
Rosacea
Rosacea, sometimes called adult acne, is a chronic inflammation
of the face of unknown cause and without a permanent cure.
Roseola (Sixth
Disease)
Roseola, also known as sixth disease, exanthem subitum, and roseola
infantum, is a mild illness that mainly affects children that
will go away on its own. Roseola is caused by viruses of the herpes
type. Infected children have a few days of high fever followed
by a rash as the fever goes down.
Rubella (German
Measles)
German measles (rubella) is caused by the rubella virus and spreads
among humans through contact with fluids in the respiratory tract.
The development (incubation) period of German measles is 14–21
days before starting to feel ill, and a rash accompanied by fever
appears 1–7 days later.
Rubeola (Measles)
Measles (rubeola) is a highly contagious infection of the respiratory
system, which is caused by a virus. It does not occur often in
the United States, since immunizations have been required since
the 1960s.
Sacral Herpes
Herpes simplex infection of the lower back and buttocks—also
called sacral herpes simplex or genital herpes—is a common,
recurrent skin condition associated with infection by the herpes
simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection usually appears as small blisters
or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, buttocks, and lower
back, though infections can develop almost anywhere on the skin.
Scabies
Scabies is an itchy skin condition caused by a tiny parasite (mite)
called Sarcoptes scabiei that can live and multiply (infest) on
skin. They are passed between people by prolonged skin-to-skin
contact.
Scabies (Pediatric)
Scabies is an itchy skin condition caused by a tiny parasite (mite)
called Sarcoptes scabiei that can live and multiply (infest) on
skin. They are passed between people by prolonged skin-to-skin
contact.
Scaly Skin
(Ichthyosis Vulgaris)
Ichthyosis vulgaris, also known as common ichthyosis or fish scale
disease, is a skin condition resulting in scaly skin, especially
on the arms and legs. Its name is derived from the Greek word
meaning "fish."
Scarlet Fever
Scarlet fever is an infection with a type of bacteria called Streptococcus,
which not only causes a throat infection ("strep throat"),
but also produces a poison (toxin) causing the distinctive rash
of scarlet fever. Some people are more sensitive to the toxin
than others, so not everyone in a family who is infected will
have the rash, even if they have the throat infection.
Sebaceous
Hyperplasia
Sebaceous hyperplasia is a common harmless enlargement of the
skin oil glands.
Seborrheic
Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrhea, is a common non-contagious
condition of skin areas rich in oil glands (the face, scalp, and
upper trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis is marked by flaking (overproduction
of skin cells) and sometimes redness and itching (inflammation)
of the skin, and it varies in severity from mild dandruff of the
scalp to scaly, red patches on the skin.
Seborrheic
Dermatitis (Pediatric)
Seborrheic dermatitis in infants is a common non-contagious condition
of skin areas rich in oil glands (eg, the face, scalp, and upper
trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis is marked by overproduction of skin
cells (leading to flaking) and sometimes inflammation (leading
to redness and itching). It varies in severity from mild dandruff
of the scalp to scaly, red patches on the skin.
Seborrheic
Keratosis
Seborrheic keratoses are common benign growths of unknown cause
seen in adults due to a thickening of an area of the top skin
layer.
Shingles
(Zoster)
Shingles (zoster), also known as herpes zoster, is a painful rash
caused by the varicella zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox.
When a person gets chickenpox, the virus remains sleeping (dormant)
in one or more bundles of nerves near the spinal cord (nerve roots)
in the body.
Skin Tag
(Acrochordon)
A skin tag (acrochordon) is a common, possibly inherited condition
that manifests as small, flesh-colored growths on a thin stalk.
Skin tags are benign lesions that can sometimes become irritated
or traumatized.
Solar Lentigo
A solar lentigo (plural, solar lentigines), also known as a sun-induced
freckle or senile lentigo, is a dark (hyperpigmented) lesion caused
by natural or artificial ultraviolet (UV) light. Solar lentigines
may be single or multiple. This type of lentigo is different from
a simple lentigo (lentigo simplex) because it is caused by exposure
to UV light.
Spider Angioma
A spider angioma is a grouping of small blood vessels at the skin
surface. The pattern sometimes resembles the threads of a spider's
web.
Squamous
Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common form of
skin cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs on sun-damaged
skin, especially in light-skinned individuals with a long history
of chronic sun exposure.
Stasis Dermatitis
Dermatitis is a term used to describe irritation of the skin with
scaling, rough or dry skin, redness, itching, and sometimes oozing,
crusts, and erosions. Stasis is a term used to describe leg swelling
seen in conditions of poor circulation and fluid buildup.
Stasis Ulcer
A stasis ulcer is a breakdown of the skin (ulcer) caused by fluid
build-up in the skin from poor vein function (venous insufficiency).
Fluid leaks from the veins into skin tissue when the blood backs
up rather than returning to the heart through the veins.
Stretch Marks
(Striae)
Stretch marks (striae) are stripe-like skin marks that develop
as a result of rapid weight gain or loss, when the skin is stretched,
and as a result of some diseases.
Striae
Stretch marks (striae) are stripe-like skin marks that develop
as a result of rapid weight gain or loss, when the skin is stretched,
and as a result of some diseases.
Stye (Hordeolum
and Chalazion)
A stye (hordeolum) is a local, acutely inflamed growth (swelling,
lesion) of the eyelid. They can occur at the lid margin or farther
up the lid on either the inner (tarsal) side or the outer (skin)
side of the lid. A chalazion is the chronic form of a stye, and
its cellular makeup is different than that of a stye.
Sunburn
Sunburn is caused by the skin's reaction to ultraviolet light
exposure. It appears as reddening and tenderness of the skin and
usually occurs between 12 and 24 hours after the exposure.
Sweaty Sock
Syndrome (Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis)
Sweaty sock syndrome (juvenile plantar dermatosis) is a condition
where the skin becomes scaly and red on the soles of the feet
of children and young teenagers. The cause of sweaty sock syndrome
is unknown, though alternating moist and dry conditions may lead
to the condition.
Syphilis,
Primary
Primary syphilis is a disease caused by a corkscrew-shaped bacterium
(a spirochete) called Treponema pallidum. It causes disease when
it penetrates broken skin of the genitals or the mucous membranes
of the mouth or anus.
Syringoma
Syringoma is a non-cancerous (benign) bump usually found on the
upper cheeks and lower eyelids of young adults. Syringomas are
completely harmless and are caused by the overgrowth of cells
from sweat glands (eccrine glands).
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also called lupus, is a chronic
inflammatory disease that can affect almost any part of the body,
especially the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, bones, blood,
or brain. Systemic lupus erythematosus is considered an autoimmune
disorder, meaning that a person's own immune system attacks his
or her own healthy cells and tissues, causing inflammation and
damage.
Telangiectasia
Telangiectasias are widely open (dilated) blood vessels in the
outer layer of the skin. When seen on the legs, they are often
called spider veins.
Thrush (Oral
Candidiasis)
Thrush (oral candidiasis), also known as oral moniliasis, is a
yeast infection of the mouth or throat (the oral cavity). The
yeast that most commonly causes oral candidiasis is Candida albicans.
Tinea Barbae
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may
form a ring-like pattern on affected areas of the body. Beard
ringworm (tinea barbae), also known as tinea sycosis or barber's
itch, is a fungal infection of the skin, hair, and hair follicles
of the beard and mustache area.
Tinea Capitis
Scalp ringworm (tinea capitis) is a common mild infection of the
scalp and hair that appears as scaly spots and patches of broken
hair on the head. Caused by a fungus, it is most commonly seen
in children.
Tinea Corporis
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may
form a ring-like pattern on affected areas of the body. Tinea
corporis, also known as ringworm of the body, tinea circinata,
or simply ringworm, is a surface (superficial) fungal infection
of the skin.
Tinea Cruris
Jock itch (tinea cruris) is a surface (superficial) fungal infection
of the skin on either side of the body where the thigh joins the
abdomen, known as the groin. It is often spread to the groin from
tinea infection on the feet (tinea pedis or athlete's feet).
Tinea Faciale
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some infections
form a ring-like pattern on affected areas of the body. Facial
ringworm (tinea faciale), also known as tinea faciei or ringworm
of the face, is a common, non-cancerous (benign) fungal infection
of the surface (superficial) skin of the face.
Tinea Pedis
(Athlete's Foot)
Tinea pedis, also known as ringworm of the foot or athlete's foot,
is a surface (superficial) fungal infection of the skin of the
foot. The most common fungal disease in humans, athlete's foot,
may be passed to humans by direct contact with infected people,
infected animals, contaminated objects (such as towels or locker
room floors), or the soil.
Tinea Versicolor
Tinea versicolor, also known as pityriasis versicolor, is a common,
non-cancerous (benign) skin condition caused by surface (superficial)
infection with a type of yeast that normally lives on the skin.
In the right conditions, such as warm, oily, and moist skin, the
yeast (Malassezia) can overgrow and cause a rash, consisting of
tan, pink, brown, or white patches.
Ulcer, Aphthous
Canker sores (aphthous ulcers), or aphthae,
are the most common cause of periodic (recurring) ulcers inside
the mouth and genital linings (mucous membrane surfaces). Their
cause is unknown, but stress, lack of sleep, trauma, and perhaps
some vitamin deficiencies, toothpastes, and foods can make the
condition worse.
Ulcer, Decubitus
Bedsores (decubitus ulcers), also known as pressure sores or ulcers,
result from prolonged pressure that cuts off the blood supply
to the skin, causing the skin and other tissue to die.
Ulcer, Stasis
(Venous Ulcer)
A stasis ulcer is a breakdown of the skin (ulcer) caused by fluid
build-up in the skin from poor vein function (venous insufficiency).
Fluid leaks from the veins into skin tissue when the blood backs
up rather than returning to the heart through the veins.
Urticaria
Hives (urticaria), also known as welts, is a common skin condition
with an itchy rash of pink to red bumps that appear and disappear
anywhere on the body. An individual lesion of hives typically
lasts a few hours before fading away, and new hives can appear
as older areas disappear.
Varicella
(Chickenpox)
Chickenpox (varicella) is an infectious disease caused by the
varicella zoster virus that goes away on its own. Infection spreads
among humans through fluids from the airways, such as from coughing
and sneezing, with non-infected household members at high risk
of becoming infected as well.
Varicose
Veins (Varicosities)
Varicose veins (varicosities) are twisted, enlarged veins at the
skin surface. The word comes from the Latin word varix, which
means "twisted."
Varicosities
Varicose veins (varicosities) are twisted, enlarged veins at the
skin surface. The word comes from the Latin word varix, which
means "twisted."
Viral Exanthem
Viral exanthem, also known as non-specific viral rash, is a rash
caused by a viral infection. Many viruses can cause a similar-appearing
rash, so it is difficult to tell which one is the culprit. Your
age, duration of illness, and other symptoms may suggest which
virus is the cause. Respiratory and stomach (gastrointestinal)
viruses are common causes of such a rash.
Vitiligo
Vitiligo is a disease where the immune system turns against itself
(autoimmune disease) where immune cells of the body attack the
color-producing (pigment-producing) cells to cause white patches
on the skin, which may contain hairs that are white in color.
Wart, Common
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth
or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus
(HPV). Common warts are usually found on areas of the body prone
to trauma, such as the elbows, knees, and hands. The virus causes
thickening of the top skin layer. They are usually painless and
go away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve,
but can take up to two years.
Wart, Flat
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth
or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus
(HPV). The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. Flat
warts tend to stay small in size but can be numerous in quantity.
They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes
taking a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).
Wart, Plantar
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth
or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus
(HPV). The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. A plantar
wart occurs on the sole of the foot. It can look and feel like
a callus. Plantar warts can be small, or they can grow to cover
most of the sole of the foot. They are usually painless and go
away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve (but
can take up to 2 years).
Xanthelasma
Palpebrarum
Xanthelasma (xanthelasma palpebrarum) is a skin condition that
develops flat yellow growths on the eyelids. Xanthelasma is often
seen in people with high cholesterol or other fat (lipid) levels
in the blood, and the lesions contain deposits that are high in
fat (lipid-rich).
Xerosis
Dry skin (xerosis) is a condition of rough, dry skin with fine
scaling of skin and, occasionally, with small cracks in the skin.
Dry skin is also known as winter itch or asteatosis.
Yeast Infection
(Candidiasis)
Candidiasis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is an infection
with the common yeast (or fungus) organism, Candida albicans,
which is commonly found in the environment. Sometimes this yeast
lives in the mouth, digestive (gastrointestinal) tract, and the
vagina, along with many kinds of harmless bacteria, without causing
any issues.
Zoster (Shingles)
Shingles (zoster), also known as herpes zoster, is a painful rash
caused by the varicella zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox.
When a person gets chickenpox, the virus remains sleeping (dormant)
in one or more bundles of nerves near the spinal cord (nerve roots)
in the body.
